Lysimachia arvensis (L.) U.Manns & Anderb.

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Andean. Elevation range: 800–3100 m a.s.l. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Bogotá DC, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Santander.

Habit

Herb.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, shrubland, native grassland, artificial - terrestrial.

Distribution

Found in Boyacá, Colombia.

Ghazanfar, S. A. & Edmondson, J. R (Eds). (2014) Flora of Iraq, Volume 5 Part 2: Lythraceae to Campanulaceae.

Morphology General Habit

Annual, simple or often much branched and diffuse herb

Morphology Stem

Stems 4-winged, 5–50 cm long

Morphology Leaves

Leaves opposite, sessile, ovate, 9–25 × 7–10 mm, subcordate at the base, acute or obtuse, entire, gland-dotted

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pedicel

Pedicels filiform, longer than leaves, erect at anthesis, recurved in fruit

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx lobes 5, 3–4 mm, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, with minute hairs on margins

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Corolla orange-red to blue, up to 15 mm in diameter, lobes 4–5 mm, ± orbicular

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens Filaments

Filaments bearded

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Capsule ± 5 mm in diameter, circumscissile, many-seeded.

Ecology

Common in cultivated fields, irrigated places and gardens, on silty, loamy and sandy/gravelly soils; alt.: 50–180 m.

Phenology

March-Apr.

Distribution

Found throughout Iraq A widespread and variable species which has been variously treated recognizing subspecies and varieties. In Iraq both the blue flowered (var. arvensis) and orange-red flowered (var. coerulea L.) Gouan) colour forms occur showing no other consistent differences and no differences in range distribution.

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Ecology

Alt. 800 - 3100 m.

Morphology General Habit

Herb.

Distribution

Naturalised in Colombia.

Conservation

Not Evaluated.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds Protein Content

15.30% Entire seed/nut. Moisture content not stated (Barclay & Earle, 1974)

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit

Annual herb; stems ascending, 4-winged, up to 40 cm or more long

Morphology Leaves

Leaves opposite and decussate or rarely whorled, elliptic, ovate or obovate, 0.4–2.5 x 0.5–1 cm, acute at the apex, subcordate at the base, sessile

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers solitary, axillary; pedicels 1–3 cm long, first erect, elongating and recurved in fruit

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx 4–6 mm long; lobes 5, linear to narrowly lanceolate

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Corolla rotate, up to 1 cm or more in diam., blue (mostly in Somalia), red or pink; lobes united at base, fringed with stalked glands

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens with bearded filaments; anthers acute

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Capsule 3–6 mm in diam., many-seeded.

Distribution

N1–3 native in the Mediterranean region and western Europe, now widespread in temperate regions of both hemispherestropical highlands.

Ecology

Altitude range 830–2060 m.

Note

A. arvensis is sometimes subdivided into subsp. arvensis and subsp. foemina (Mill.) Schinz & Thell. If so, the Somali plants are subsp. arvensis.

Primulaceae, P. Taylor. Flora of West Tropical Africa 2. 1963

Morphology General Habit

Stems erect or ascending winged

Note

A weed of cultivation.

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Naturalizada en Colombia; Alt. 800 - 3100 m.; Andes.

Morphology General Habit

Hierba

Conservation

No Evaluada

Primulaceae, P. Taylor. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1958

Morphology General Habit

Annual; stems branching near the base and ascending or sometimes simple and erect, quadrangular, strongly 4-winged, 5–50 cm. long.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves opposite (or rarely verticillate), sessile, ovate, acute, subcordate at the base, 5–20 mm. long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers solitary, axillary, pedicellate; pedicels slender, erect at anthesis becoming longer and recurved in fruit.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx-segments 5, acute, about equal in length to the corolla-lobes.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Corolla rotate, up to 15 mm. in diameter; lobes up to as broad as long, apically entire, crenulate or denticulate, fringed with minute stalked glands.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Filaments bearded; anthers acute.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Capsules about 5 mm. in diameter.

Primulaceae, F. K. Kupicha. Flora Zambesiaca 7:1. 1983

Morphology General Habit

Tufted annual herb with ascending, branching stems up to 50 cm. long.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves 6–20 mm. long, opposite and decussate or rarely whorled, sessile, elliptic, ovate or obovate, acute at apex.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers borne in axils of all but lowermost leaves; pedicels at first short and erect, becoming long and recurved in fruit.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx–segments c. 4–5 mm. long, lanceolate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Petals ± equalling calyx, broadly obovate, connate at the very base, fringed with short–stalked glands, deep blue or red.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Stamens c. j as long as petals, adnate to base of corolla; filaments free, blue or red, bearded; anthers c. 0–6 mm. long, oblong.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Capsule 3–5 mm. in diameter, circumscissile, many–seeded; seeds c, 1·2 mm. long.

Use Medicines Unspecified Medicinal Disorders

Medicinal (State of the World's Plants 2016).