Fabaceae
Senna

Senna siamea (Lam.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby

First published in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 98 (1982)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Sri Lanka, Indo-China. It is a tree and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome. It is has environmental uses, as animal food, a poison, a medicine and invertebrate food and for fuel and food.

Descriptions

Distribution
Biogeografic region: Amazonia, Andean, Caribbean, Pacific. Elevation range: 0–1600 m a.s.l. Cultivated in Colombia. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Bolívar, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Magdalena, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Santander, Tolima, Valle del Cauca.
Habit
Tree.
Conservation
IUCN Red List Assessment (2021): LC.
Ecology
Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, native grassland, artificial - terrestrial.
[UPFC]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit
Tree
Morphology Leaves
Leaves eglandular; leaflets 4–16 pairs, ovate-oblong to elliptic-oblong, 3–7.5 x 1.2–2.5 cm, puberulous beneath
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Racemes dense, aggregated into erect terminal panicles
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Pedicel
Pedicels 2–3.5 cm
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals bright yellow, 1.2–2 cm long
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Pods 15–30 x 1.2–1.6 cm, tardily dehiscent.
Distribution
Cultivated at least in C1 and S2 native in SE tropical Asia.
[FSOM]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Cultivada en Colombia; Alt. 0 - 1600 m.; Amazonia, Andes, Llanura del Caribe, Pacífico, Valle del Cauca, Valle del Magdalena.
Morphology General Habit
Árbol
[CPLC]

International Legume Database and Information Service

Conservation
Not Threatened
Ecology
Africa: Cultivated
Morphology General Habit
Perennial, Not climbing, Tree
Vernacular
Amarillo, Aramana, Flamboyan, Iron Wood Tree, Jahor, Kassod Tree, Manga Konnei, Siamese Senna, Vakai, Wa
[ILDIS]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
abeto, acacia, acacia amarilla, acacia de Siam, acacio amarillo, acacio santandereano, alcaparro, carmín, casia amarilla, floramarillo, guamo de mico
[UNAL]

Leguminosae, R.K. Brummitt, A.C. Chikuni, J.M. Lock and R.M. Polhill. Flora Zambesiaca 3:2. 2007

Morphology General Habit
Tree to 20 m or more; bark smooth, grey.
Morphology Branches
Branchlets dark brown, sparsely puberulous, somewhat ridged longitudinally.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves paripinnate; stipules not seen (minute, subulate according to Brenan), presumably early caducous; petiole 2–4.2 cm long, pubescent; rachis 7.5–23 cm long, pubescent; leaflets in 6–12 pairs, 2.4–6.8 × 1.1–2.9 cm, elliptic to oblong, base rounded to cuneate, apex obtuse to retuse, shortly mucronate, sparsely appressed-pubescent beneath, marginal nerve prominent; petiolules 2–3 mm long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescences terminal, paniculate; bracts 3–4 mm long, linear, pubescent, present at anthesis; pedicels 2.5–3.5 cm long at anthesis.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Sepals 5, dimorphic, two c.5 × 4 mm, three c.10 × 8 mm, broadly ovate, glabrous to sparsely puberulous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Petals yellow, c.12 × 10 mm, broadly obovate, claw 2 mm long.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 10; seven fertile with anthers 4–5 mm long, two with filaments c.10 mm long, five with filaments c.5 mm long; three probably infertile with reduced anthers and short filaments.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
Ovary c.5 mm long, puberulous; style 2–3 mm long, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Pod 15–23 × 0.9–1.3 cm, linear, glabrous, tardily dehiscent along both sutures.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds dark brown, c.7 × 6 mm, discoid, flat.
[FZ]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/62027907/62027910

Conservation
LC - least concern
[IUCN]

Uses

Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Environmental
Environmental uses.
Use Fuel
Used for fuels.
Use Gene Sources
Used as gene sources.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Invertebrate Food
Used as invertebrate food.
Use Materials
Used as material.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.
Use Poisons
Poisons.
[UPFC]

Use
Ornamental
[FSOM]

Use
Chemical products, Environmental, Food and Drink, Forage, Medicine, Miscellaneous, Toxins, Wood
[ILDIS]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • IUCN Categories

    • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • International Legume Database and Information Service

    • International Legume Database and Information Service (ILDIS) V10.39 Nov 2011
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • World Checklist of Vascular plants (WCVP)

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0