Trifolium

Trifolium campestre Schreb.

First published in J.W.Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild. 4: 16 (1804)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Macaronesia, Europe to Iran, N. & NE. Tropical Africa, Zimbabwe. It is an annual and grows primarily in the temperate biome. It is used as animal food and a poison and for food.

Descriptions

International Legume Database and Information Service

Conservation
Not Threatened
Ecology
Africa: Mediterranean bushland & thicket, Afromontane grassland, Mediterranean grasslands.
Morphology General Habit
Annual, Not climbing, Herb
Vernacular
Acker-Klee, Chol Yoncha, Ereknuk Dashtain, Feld-Klee, Hop Clover, Hop Trefoil, Kanyushyna Palyavaya, Khmel Zayachchy, Khmyalek, Klever Polevoi, Konyushina Rivnynna, Lamav Ristik, Large Hop Clover, Lauku Abolins, Low Hop Clover, Myadzelina, Trefle Des Cham
[ILDIS]

Leguminosae, various authors. Flora Zambesiaca 3:7. 2003

Morphology General Habit
Annual herb.
Morphology Stem
Stems erect or ascending, hairy.
Morphology Leaves
Leaves petiolate; leaflets 6–12 × 4–8 mm, obovate, emarginate or retuse at the apex, the midrib pilose beneath but otherwise glabrous, nervation straight; petioles 1–1.5 cm long in the lower leaves, reducing above; stipules ovate to oblong, long-acuminate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence rounded or ovoid, many-flowered; peduncle usually exceeding the subtending leaves.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Flowers with pedicels c. 1 mm long, becoming deflexed early.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx
Calyx c. 2 mm long, white, 5-nerved, glabrous; tube membranous; teeth very unequal, the two upper very short, triangular or lanceolate, the others long, linear, twice as long as the tube or longer, long-subulate.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla
Corolla 5–7 mm long, pale yellow fading to pale brown; standard orbicular, flattish or spoon-shaped when in fruit, entire or slightly retuse at the apex, denticulate at margin, markedly longitudinally sulcate, persistent, ± twice as long as the claw; wings sinuate-oblong, rounded at the apex, twice as long as the claw, the auricles separated from the claw by a broad, square sinus; keel oblong, obtuse or slightly acuminate, twice as long as the claw.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Pod oblong, stipitate, enclosed within the keel, 1-seeded.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds
Seeds c. 1 mm long, ovoid, chestnut-brown, smooth.
[FZ]

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Ecology
Alt. 2000 - 3600 m.
Morphology General Habit
Herb.
Distribution
Naturalised in Colombia.
[UPB]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
carretón amarillo, trébol
[UNAL]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Naturalizada en Colombia; Alt. 2000 - 3600 m.; Andes.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba
Conservation
No Evaluada
[CPLC]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Distribution
Biogeografic region: Andean. Elevation range: 2000–3600 m a.s.l. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Bogotá DC, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Valle del Cauca.
Habit
Herb.
Ecology
Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, desert, artificial - terrestrial.
[UPFC]

Uses

Use
Forage, Miscellaneous, Weed
[ILDIS]

Use Animal Food
Eaten by animals (State of the World's Plants 2016).
Use Poisons
Poisons (State of the World's Plants 2016).
[UPB]

Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Poisons
Poisons.
[UPFC]

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • International Legume Database and Information Service

    • International Legume Database and Information Service (ILDIS) V10.39 Nov 2011
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • World Checklist of Vascular plants (WCVP)

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0