Fabaceae
Sphenostylis

Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Harms

First published in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 309 (1899)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Tropical Africa. It is a climbing perennial and grows primarily in the seasonally dry tropical biome.

Distribution

Native to:

Angola, Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Repu, Chad, Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

Introduced into:

Burkina

Synonyms

Homotypic Synonyms

Heterotypic Synonyms

Classification

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Publications

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Darbyshire, I., Kordofani, M., Farag, I., Candiga, R. & Pickering, H. (eds.) (2015). The Plants of Sudan and South Sudan: 1-400. Kew publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya. Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
  • Gosline, G., Bidault, E., van der Burgt, X., Cahen, D., Challen, G., Condé, N., Couch, C., Couvreur, T.L.P., Dagallier, L.M.J., Darbyshire, I., Dawson, S., Doré, T.S., Goyder, D., Grall, A., Haba, P., Haba, P., Harris, D., Hind, D.J.N., Jongkind, & al. (2023). A Taxonomically-verified and Vouchered Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Republic of Guinea. Nature, scientific data 10, Article number: 327: [1]-[12].
  • Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lock, J.M. (1989). Legumes of Africa a check-List: 1-619. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Mackinder, B., Pasquet, R., Polhill, R. & Verdcourt, B. (2001). Flora Zambesiaca 3(5): 1-261. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.
  • van der Maesen, L.J.G. & Sosef, M.S.M. (2016). Flore du Gabon 49: 1-407. Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

  • Bak. f. Leg. Trop. Afr. 2: 420
  • Chev. Bot. 198
  • Wilczek in Fl. Congo Belge 6: 275, t. 25.
  • in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 26: 309 (1899)

Publications used to compile the distribution and map:

  • Akoègninou, A., van der Burg, W.J. & van der Maesen, L.J.G. (eds.) (2006). Flore Analytique du Bénin: 1-1034. Backhuys Publishers.
  • Boudet, G., Lebrun, J.P. & Demange, R. (1986). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali: 1-465. Etudes d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux.
  • Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
  • Fischer, E., Rembold, K., Althof, A. & Obholzer, J. (2010). Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Kakamega forest, Western province, Kenya. Journal of East African Natural History 99: 129-226.
  • Lebrun, J.P., Toutain, B., Gaston, A. & Boudet, G. (1991). Catalogue des Plantes Vasculaires du Burkina Faso: 1-341. Institut d' Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort.
  • Lock, J.M. (1989). Legumes of Africa a check-List: 1-619. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Mackinder, B., Pasquet, R., Polhill, R. & Verdcourt, B. (2001). Flora Zambesiaca 3(5): 1-261. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Sita, P. & Moutsambote, J.-M. (2005). Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo, ed. sept. 2005: 1-158. ORSTOM, Centre de Brazzaville.
  • Sosef, M.S.M. & al. (2006). Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon. Scripta Botanica Belgica 35: 1-438.

Flora of Tropical East Africa

  • Bak. f., Leguminosae of Tropical Africa: 420 (1929).
  • Harms in A. Engler & O. Drude, Die Vegetation Der Erde, IX, Pflanzenwelt Afrikas 3(1): 694, t. 315 (1915).
  • Harms in A. Engler, Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 26: 309 (1899)
  • Harms in Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahelm 5: 201, t. (1911)
  • Wilczek in Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi, 6: 275, t. 25 (1954).

International Legume Database and Information Service

  • Gillett, J. B. et al. (1971). Papilionoideae. In: Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Milne-Redhead & Polhill
  • Terrell, E. E. (1977). Checklist of Names for 3, 000 Vas. Pl... Agric. Handbook No. 505

Other Data

Other Kew resources that provide information on this taxon:

Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status Has image?
Jan 1, 1997 Satabie, B. [77] Cameroon K000087373 Yes
Jan 1, 1992 Welwitsch [2259] Angola K000263512 Isosyntype Yes
May 1, 1991 Schimper [1450] Ethiopia K000263479 Type Yes
May 1, 1991 Schimper [1450] Ethiopia K000263480 Type Yes
Loveridge, M.V. [144] Uganda K001350250 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E. [4475] Zambia K001353746 Yes
Richards, H.M. [4849] Zambia K001353769 Yes
Macaulay, Mrs. [1138] Zambia K001353743 Yes
Richards, H.M. [1322] Zambia K001353753 Yes
Pawek, J. [12608] Malawi K001353740 Yes
Archbold, N.E. [808B] Tanzania K001350315 Yes
Linder, D.H. [1630] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350224 Yes
Reekmans, M. [9111] Burundi K001350187 Yes
Flamigni, A. [24] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350206 Yes
Holst, C. [3178] Tanzania K001350269 Yes
Batty, M. [1026] Tanzania K001350293 Yes
Osborne, J. [1133] Zambia K000569529 Yes
Issa [109] Tanzania K001350261 Yes
Robson, N.K.B. [1569] Malawi K001353732 Yes
Flamigni, A. [24] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350219 Yes
Pasquet, R. [1010] Kenya K001350251 Yes
Angus, A. [2610] Zambia K001353787 Yes
Irvine, F.R. [1821] Ghana K001350148 Yes
Van der Ben, D. [2000] Burundi K001350188 Yes
Richards, H.M. [12538] Zambia K001353768 Yes
Sanane, M. [750] Zambia K001353756 Yes
Richards, H.M. [740] Zambia K001353755 Yes
Satabie, B. [77] Cameroon K001350202 Yes
van Rensberg, J.H. [544] Tanzania K001350291 Yes
Grant [s.n.] Tanzania K001350274 Yes
De Witte, G.F. [5878] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350217 Yes
Trapnell, C.G. [1763] Zambia K001353754 Yes
Buchanan, J.C.M.G. [426] Malawi K001353725 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Congdon, T.C.E.; Lovett, J. [62] Tanzania K001350320 Yes
Corby, H.D.L. [957] Zimbabwe K001353793 Yes
Vangham, J.H. [2820] Tanzania K001350303 Yes
Reekmans, M. [6311] Burundi K001350228 Yes
Kersting, (Dr.) [A.680] Togo K001350152 Yes
Kirk, J. [s.n.] K001353714 Yes
Mrs. Brodhurst, H. [450] Kenya K001350253 Yes
Irvine, F.R. [4293] Ghana K001350147 Yes
Honey, T. [806] Mozambique K001353788 Yes
Bullock, A.A. [3746] Tanzania K001350301 Yes
Breteler, F.J. [1925] Cameroon K001350192 Yes
Pawek, J. [8704] Malawi K001353742 Yes
Marks, J.M. [6] Zambia K001353762 Yes
Drummond, R.B.; Rutherford-Smith, R.O.B. [7012] Zambia K001353784 Yes
Richards, H.M. [15097] Zambia K001353757 Yes
Hilliard, O.M.; Burtt, B.L. [4141] Malawi K001353724 Yes
Bullock, A.A. [3746] Tanzania K001350300 Yes
Peter, A. [K1127] Tanzania K001350323 Yes
Compére, P. [1440] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350216 Yes
Banda, E.A.; Balaka, J.L. [3220] Malawi K001353721 Yes
Scheweinfurth, G. [1899] Sudan K001350242 Yes
Saint Clair Thompson, G.W. [1031] Tanzania K000514768 Yes
Yates, C.C. [s.n.] Nigeria K001350155 Yes
Angus, A. [2203] Zambia K001353781 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [3579] Tanzania K001350263 Yes
Stolz, A. [651] Tanzania K001350276 Yes
De Witte, G.F. [3302] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350226 Yes
Schlieben, H.J. [2024] Tanzania K001350271 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [602] Tanzania K001350266 Yes
Emson, H.E. [586] Tanzania K001350295 Yes
Peter, A. [48234] Tanzania K001350270 Yes
Letouzy, R. [5859] Cameroon K001350189 Yes
Westphal, E.,, Westphal-Stevels, J. [9643] Cameroon K001350198 Yes
Tanner, R. [7872] Tanzania K001350310 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [602] Tanzania K001350265 Yes
Compére, P. [1715] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350215 Yes
Whyte, A. [s.n.] K001350326 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E. [4475] Zambia K001353744 Yes
Brummitt, R.K. [9159] Malawi K001353726 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E.; Taylor, P. [9131] Tanzania K:SPC-23385.000 No
Lamb, P.H. [2] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350205 Yes
Pirozynski, K.A. [P.565] Tanzania K001350262 Yes
Jackson, G. [1221] Malawi K001353731 Yes
Verboom, W.C. [LK232] Zambia K001353775 Yes
White, A. [s.n.] K001350314 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Vollesen, K. [3301] Tanzania K001350285 Yes
Westphal, E.,, Westphal-Stevels, J. [9770] Cameroon K001350200 Yes
Richards, H.M. [8919] Zambia K001353751 Yes
Richards, H.M. [5426] Zambia K001353786 Yes
Richards, H.M. [16289] Zambia K001353752 Yes
Mrs. Brodhurst, H. [45] Kenya K001350327 Yes
Pawek, J. [1878] Malawi K001353733 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [1224] Tanzania K001350317 Yes
Sampson, H.C. [13] Nigeria K001350162 Yes
van Rensberg, J.H. [544] Tanzania K001350273 Yes
Verboom, W.C. [450] Zambia K001353782 Yes
Leach, L.C. [86348] Zimbabwe K001353790 Yes
Balsinhas, A.; Marrime, L. [370] Mozambique K001353789 Yes
Koechlin, J. [5362] Congo, Republic of the K001350204 Yes
Emson, H.E. [561] Tanzania K001350283 Yes
Richards, H.M. [12799] Zambia K001353759 Yes
Thomas, N.W. [995] Nigeria K001350161 Yes
Yates, C.C. [51] Nigeria K001350156 Yes
Rykebusch, P.A.H. [M284] Tanzania K001350264 Yes
Muambi, F. [36] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350222 Yes
Richards, H.M. [8621] Tanzania K001350316 Yes
Kassner, T. [2159] Congo, Republic of the K001350211 Yes
Bacon, A.L. [7447] Zimbabwe K001353791 Yes
Moriarty, A. [471] Malawi K001353722 Yes
Mhoro, B. [846] Tanzania K001350282 Yes
Fanshawe, D.B. [858] Zambia K001353785 Yes
Lebium [3998] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350225 Yes
Rogers, F.A. [5804] Zimbabwe K001353794 Yes
Robyns, W. [2086] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350218 Yes
Brummitt, R.K.; Polhill, R.M.; Banda, E.A. [16370] Malawi K001353719 Yes
Lynes, H. [218] Tanzania K001350279 Yes
Richards, H.M. [11012] Tanzania K001350307 Yes
Letouzey, R. [7909] Cameroon K001350196 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Vollesen, K. [3301] Tanzania K001350286 Yes
Dalziel, J.M. [626] Nigeria K001350153 Yes
Linley, K. [126] Zambia K001353773 Yes
Purseglove, J.W. [P.638] Uganda K001350249 Yes
Mendes, E.J. [3205] Angola K001353795 Yes
Wild, H. [4720] Zimbabwe K001353792 Yes
Peter, A. [48277] Tanzania K001350312 Yes
Letouzey, R. [11456] Cameroon K001350195 Yes
Father Conrads [5185] Tanzania K001350308 Yes
van Rensburg, H.J. [2887] Zambia K001353765 Yes
Cameron, K.J. [s.n.] Malawi K001350203 Yes
Gaissier, O. [s.n.] Togo K001350150 Yes
Peter, A. [K1129] Tanzania K001350290 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E.; Taylor, P. [9215] Tanzania K001350259 Yes
Léonard, A. [3351] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350207 Yes
Hooper, S.S.; Townsend, C.C. [129] Zambia K001353779 Yes
Angus, A. [2583] Zambia K001353749 Yes
Poelman, L. [124] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350213 Yes
Haba, P.M.; Haba, P.K.; Traore, A. [177] Guinea K000460781 Yes
Chandler, P. [872] Uganda K001350688 Yes
de Leyser, E.A. [28] Tanzania K001350313 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E.; Taylor, P. [9215] Tanzania K:SPC-24501.000 No
Chandler, P. [872] Uganda K001350275 Yes
Fanshawe, D.B. [1080] Zambia K001353763 Yes
Angus, A. [2203] Zambia K001353783 Yes
Richards, H.M. [8919] Zambia K001353750 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [1224] Tanzania K001350318 Yes
Brummitt, R.K.; Polhill, R.M.; Banda, E.A. [16370] Malawi K001353717 Yes
Kalenda, T. [151] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350221 Yes
Richards, H.M. [18034] Tanzania K001350305 Yes
Lamb, P.H. [57] Nigeria K001350158 Yes
s. coll. [18518] Cote d'Ivoire K001350145 Yes
Richards, H.M. [4730] Zambia K001353771 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Vollesen, K. [2901] Tanzania K001350287 Yes
Jackson, G. [1221] Malawi K001353730 Yes
Irvine, F.R. [1649] Ghana K001350149 Yes
Richards, H.M. [12540] Zambia K001353747 Yes
Jaques-Felix, H. [8173] Cameroon K001350191 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E. [4411] K:SPC-31117.000 No
Thomas, N.W. [1841] Nigeria K001350160 Yes
Grosveneor, R.; Renz, J. [915] Malawi K001353729 Yes
Schimper, A. [223] Ethiopia K001350243 Yes
Gereau, R.E.; Kayombo, C.J. [4355] Tanzania K001350278 Yes
Pawek, J. [5110] Malawi K001353741 Yes
Richards, H.M. [12799] Zambia K001353777 Yes
Boaler, S.B. [209] Tanzania K001350268 Yes
Chapama, H.T.; Kathumba, E.; Litta, A.; Mphamba, S. [985] Malawi K001353716 Yes
Hilliard, O.M.; Burtt, B.L. [4662] Malawi K001353735 Yes
Barter, C. [1804] Niger K001350163 Yes
Brummitt, R.K.; Polhill, R.M.; Banda, E.A. [16370] Malawi K001353718 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Vollesen, K. [4258] Tanzania K001350288 Yes
Chapman, J.D. [1192] Malawi K001353737 Yes
[Archbold, N.E.] [808] Tanzania K001350297 Yes
[illegible] [759] Tanzania K000514769 Yes
Pawek, J. [8173] Malawi K001353728 Yes
Merrett, L. [LM 390] Zambia K001353760 Yes
Luwiika, B.; Harder, D.K.; Zimba, N.B.; Nawa, M.M. [139] Zambia K001275196 Yes
Letouzy, R. [5803] Cameroon K001350201 Yes
Letouzey, R. [11456] Cameroon K001350194 Yes
Peter, J. [4033] Tanzania K001350272 Yes
Devred, R. [1735] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350209 Yes
Richards, H.M. [12615] Zambia K001353776 Yes
Robson, N.K.B.; Steele, B. [1693] Malawi K001353738 Yes
de Leyser, E.A. [307] Tanzania K001350277 Yes
Compére, P. [1139] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350223 Yes
Toussaint, L. [759] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350208 Yes
Kirk, J. [s.n.] K001353715 Yes
Graham, R.M. [1936] Kenya K001350255 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Leliyo, G.; Vollesen, K. [7878] Tanzania K001350257 Yes
Jackson, G. [1172] Malawi K001353734 Yes
Pawek, J. [14038] Malawi K001353739 Yes
Sanane, M. [1148] Zambia K001353745 Yes
s. coll [s.n.] K001350833 Yes
Kornas, J. [3286] Zambia K001353766 Yes
Lewalle, J. [5638] Burundi K001350229 Yes
Peter, A. [36093] Tanzania K001350298 Yes
Batten-Poole, W.H. [284] Nigeria K001350159 Yes
Father Conrads [13494] Tanzania K001350309 Yes
Richards, H.M. [11165] Tanzania K001350306 Yes
Carson, A. [36] Tanzania K001350299 Yes
Mildbraed, G.W.J. [10208] Cameroon K001350197 Yes
Polhill, R.; Paulo, S. [1352] Tanzania K001350267 Yes
Ern, H. [2472] Togo K001350151 Yes
Richards, H.M. [12611] Zambia K001353778 Yes
[Archbold, N.E.] [808] Tanzania K001350292 Yes
Richards, H.M. [4849] Zambia K001353770 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E.; Taylor, P. [9131] Tanzania K001350289 Yes
Bond, J.S. [211] Tanzania K001350324 Yes
Fanshawe, D.B. [817] Zambia K001353764 Yes
Stolz, A. [s.n.] Tanzania K001350252 Yes
Bogdan, A. [3544] Kenya K001350254 Yes
Yates, C.C. [s.n.] Nigeria K001350154 Yes
Anderson, B. [1155] Tanzania K001350325 Yes
Milne-Redhead, E. [4411] Zambia K001353774 Yes
Richards, H.M. [18097] Zambia K001353758 Yes
de Wilde, W.J.J.O. [3755] Cameroon K001350190 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Abdallah, R.; Vollesen, K. [2013] Tanzania K001350321 Yes
Gilbert, M.G.; Getachew, A. [2980] Ethiopia K001350244 Yes
Richards, H.M. [4730] Zambia K001353748 Yes
Brummitt, R.K.; Banda, E.A.; Patel, I.H. [17158] Malawi K001353720 Yes
Fay, J.M. [4693] Central African Republic K001350230 Yes
Gillardin, J.A.A. [196] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350212 Yes
Saint Clair Thompson, G.W. [457] Tanzania K001350280 Yes
Donis, C. [1433] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350214 Yes
Verboom, W.C. [608] Zambia K001353780 Yes
Stolz, A. [s.n.] Tanzania K001350258 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [3579] Tanzania K001350294 Yes
Mengisti; Toll; Terry; Bucumi [31] Burundi K001350227 Yes
Richards, H.M. [5091] Zambia K001353767 Yes
Jackson, G. [1482] Malawi K001353736 Yes
Richards, H.M. [16093] Tanzania K001350304 Yes
Richards, H.M. [1444] Zambia K001353772 Yes
Irvine, F.R. [1649] Ghana K001350146 Yes
Guindy, G.M.F. [L146] Tanzania K001350281 Yes
Pauwels, L. [5085] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350220 Yes
Lynes, H. [17] Tanzania K001350284 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Leliyo, G.; Vollesen, K. [8004] Tanzania K001350256 Yes
Bidgood, S.; Congdon, T.C.E.; Lovett, J. [62] Tanzania K001350319 Yes
Saxer, A. [427] Cameroon K001350193 Yes
Reekmans, M. [5985] Burundi K001350186 Yes
Faulkner, H.G. [1218] Tanzania K001350260 Yes
Carlier, A. [296] Congo, Democratic Republic of the K001350210 Yes
Brummitt, R.K.; Banda, E.A. [8507] Malawi K001353727 Yes
Westphal, E.,, Westphal-Stevels, J. [9637] Cameroon K001350199 Yes
Archbold, M.E. [2988] Tanzania K001350311 Yes
Dept. Agri. [L.601 (S.5-56 of H.435-57)] Nigeria K001350157 Yes
Merrett, L. [LM 390] Zambia K001353761 Yes
Keeley, P., in Bidgood. [396] Tanzania K001350322 Yes
DNPW [HK71] Malawi K001353723 Yes
Emson, H.E. [586] Tanzania K001350296 Yes
Drummond, R.B.; Hemsley, J.H. [3121] Tanzania K001350302 Yes

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    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
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    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of West Tropical Africa

    • Flora of West Tropical Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • International Legume Database and Information Service

    • International Legume Database and Information Service (ILDIS) V10.39 Nov 2011
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Seed Information Database

    • Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. (2019) Seed Information Database (SID). Version 7.1. Available from: http://data.kew.org/sid/ (September 2019)
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • World Checklist of Vascular plants (WCVP)

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0