Adenodolichos Harms

Legumes of the World. Edited by G. Lewis, B. Schrire, B. MacKinder & M. Lock. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. (2005)

Note

Previous accounts of the Phaseoleae by Baudet (1978) and Lackey (1981) recognised 90 and 84 genera and c. 1540 and 1480 species respectively in the tribe. In an equivalent, i.e. traditionally held view of Phaseoleae, 89 genera and (1554)–1567–(1580) species are treated here (Table 9; Fig. 47). Changes between Baudet (1978) and this treatment are that eleven genera are now in synonymy or have subsequently been placed in Millettieae, two genera have been transferred from Desmodieae and eight new genera have been added. Vigna has traditionally been thought to comprise some 150–200 species, but Vigna sens. strict. may contain fewer than 100.

Recent molecular analyses of the tribe, however, have emphasised both the polyphyletic and paraphyletic nature of Phaseoleae as traditionally circumscribed (Bruneau & Doyle, 1990; Doyle & Doyle, 1993; Delgado Salinas et al., 1993; Bruneau et al., 1995; Doyle et al., 1997, 2000; Kajita et al., 2001; Goel et al., 2001; Lee & Hymowitz, 2001). This has required a radical realignment of elements of the phaseoloids (Table 9; Fig. 47), with at least two major clades being evident: Phaseoleae subtribes Diocleinae and Ophrestiinae which together with tribe Abreae are allied to the core-Millettieae (Fig. 45), and the remaining groups comprising a Phaseoleae sens. lat. clade. The rbcL phylogeny of Kajita et al. (2001) and the ITS analysis of Hu et al. (2002) are equivocal as to which clade subtribe Clitoriinae belongs. Phaseoleae sens. lat. also includes two traditionally independent tribes, the Desmodieae and Psoraleeae. Delimiting a recircumscribed Phaseoleae sens. strict is thus very problematic. A solution may be to recognise a broad tribe Phaseoleae, comprising the subtribes Kennediinae, Cajaninae, Phaseolinae and Glycininae, assorted basally branching genera, and tribes Desmodieae and Psoraleeae (both treated at subtribal level).

The most basally branching genus in the Cajaninae in the analysis of Bruneau et al. (1995)

Habit

Herbs or shrubs

Ecology

Seasonally dry tropical woodland, scrub, wooded grassland and grassland, often appearing soon after fire

Distribution

SC Africa (Zambezian region), 1 sp. to Sudanian WC Africa

Leguminosae, B. Mackinder, R. Pasquet, R. Polhill & B. Verdcourt. Flora Zambesiaca 3:5. 2001

Morphology General Habit

Herbs, subshrubs or shrubs, erect or prostrate, often glandular.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves alternate or opposite, pinnately or rarely digitately 3–5-foliolate, rarely 2-foliolate; leaflets glandular beneath; stipules not spurred, deciduous or ± persistent; stipels usually present.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Inflorescences axillary or terminal, racemose or paniculate; rhachis slightly swollen at the insertion of the pedicels; bracts and bracteoles present.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx 5-lobed, 2-lipped; upper lip entire to deeply bifid, lower lip 3-lobed.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Corolla

Corolla medium-sized, white or more usually purplish; standard obovate or rounded, emarginate, auriculate and with 2 obscure to well developed appendages, glabrous; wings with long spur at the base of the lamina.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens

Vexillary stamen free; 5 basifixed anthers alternating with 5 shorter medifixed anthers.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil

Ovary ellipsoidal, 2-ovuled; style incurved, laterally flattened, swollen at the base, barbate above on the inner side; stigma terminal, oblique, ± folded.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Pods oblong-falcate, compressed, beaked with the persistent curved style base, narrowed below, ± glandular.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds 1–2, usually rounded and compressed; hilum grooved; rim aril developed or absent.