Poaceae

Stipagrostis Nees

First published in Linnaea 7: 290 (1832)
This genus is accepted
The native range of this genus is Dry parts of Africa, E. Europe to Central China and India.

Descriptions

Gramineae, E. Launert. Flora Zambesiaca 10:1. 1971

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets 1-flowered, pedicelled, in terminal contracted or lax panicles.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Rhachilla disarticulating above the glumes.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Florets hermaphrodite, equalling or shorter than the glumes.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes persistent, equal or unequal, narrow, acuminate to obtuse, occasionally emarginate, 1-11-nerved, usually both 3-nerved.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Lemma
Lemma narrow, cylindric, with involute margins, 3-nerved, grooved ventrally, becoming indurated at maturity, bearing at the base a well developed pungent or minutely 2-fid, usually oblique, barbate or glabrous callus, awned from the apex of the lemma or from the apex of a usually twisted column; awns usually 3, all plumose, or at least the central one plumose, or with a penicil of hairs at the apex of the column; articulation present, being situated at or above the middle or between the base of the column and the body of the lemma.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Palea
Palea usually much less than 1/2 the length of the lemma, indurated, 2-nerved, glabrous.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Lodicules
Lodicules usually 2, or absent, obtuse.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Androecium Stamens
Stamens 3.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Gynoecium Pistil
Ovary glabrous; styles free; stigmas 2, plumose.
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis terete, frequently shallowly grooved ventrally, tightly enclosed by the lemma, free; hilum linear; embryo usually 1/3-1/2 the length of the caryopsis.
Morphology General Habit
Annual or densely caespitose perennial grasses with a well developed knotty rhizomatous base, with usually erect, simple or branched, hollow or solid culms, and with usually long narrow leaves; ligule of a dense rim of cilia; panicles narrow, spiciform or effuse and open.
[FZ]

nonem

Morphology General Habit
Annual (6), or perennial (51). Rhizomes absent (41), or short (5), or elongated (12). Stolons absent, or present (1). Culms erect (17/28), or geniculately ascending (14/28), or decumbent (6/28); reed-like (1/2), or slender (1/2); 2-45.92-200 cm long; firm (50), or wiry (2), or woody (4); without nodal roots (1/1), or rooting from lower nodes (1/1). Culm-internodes similar in length (1/2), or unequal, the upper longer (1/2); terete (1/1). Lateral branches lacking (12/29), or sparse (3/29), or ample (2/29), or fastigiate (4/29), or suffrutescent (13/29). Ligule a fringe of hairs. Leaf-blades persistent (52), or deciduous at the ligule (4); aciculate (11), or filiform (31), or linear (14), or lanceolate (1); herbaceous (52), or coriaceous (4); stiff (19), or firm (37). Leaf-blade midrib indistinct (1/1). Leaf-blade apex muticous (40), or pungent (17).
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Inflorescence a panicle; subtended by an unspecialized leaf-sheath (55), or an inflated leaf-sheath (1); exserted (46), or embraced at base by subtending leaf (15). Panicle open (34/55), or contracted (24/55), or spiciform (3/55). Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Pedicels filiform (1/1); tip widened (1/1).
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets linear (2), or lanceolate (54); subterete; 6.225-14.28-50 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Floret callus evident (5), or elongated (51); pubescent (35/55), or pilose (7/55), or bearded (14/55); obtuse (2), or acute (17), or pungent (36), or 2-toothed (1).
Fertile
Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets linear (2), or lanceolate (54); subterete; 6.225-14.28-50 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Floret callus evident (5), or elongated (51); pubescent (35/55), or pilose (7/55), or bearded (14/55); obtuse (2), or acute (17), or pungent (36), or 2-toothed (1).
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Glume
Glumes persistent; exceeding apex of florets (54/54); thinner than fertile lemma (53), or similar to fertile lemma in texture (3). Lower glume linear (4/55), or lanceolate (54/55), or oblong (1/55); 0.5-1.014-8 length of upper glume; membranous (46), or chartaceous (9), or cartilaginous (1); without keels (52/54), or 1-keeled (3/54); 1 -veined (2), or 3 -veined (49), or 4 -veined (4), or 5 -veined (7), or 6 -veined (2), or 7 -veined (4), or 8-9 -veined (3). Lower glume lateral veins absent (2), or distinct (54); without ribs (52/54), or ribbed (2/54). Lower glume surface smooth (43), or asperulous (10), or scabrous (3); glabrous (46), or puberulous (4), or pubescent (1), or pilose (12). Lower glume apex emarginate (3/55), or truncate (2/55), or obtuse (7/55), or acute (10/55), or acuminate (33/55), or attenuate (4/55), or setaceously attenuate (1/55); muticous (51/55), or mucronate (3/55), or awned (2/55). Upper glume linear (5/55), or lanceolate (53/55), or oblong (1/55); 1.1-2.699-5 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous (46), or chartaceous (9), or cartilaginous (1); without keels (52/54), or 1-keeled (2/54); 1 -veined (5), or 2 -veined (3), or 3 -veined (50), or 4 -veined (3), or 5 -veined (6), or 7-9 -veined (1). Upper glume lateral veins without ribs (53/54), or ribbed (1/54). Upper glume surface smooth (45), or asperulous (9), or scabrous (2); glabrous (47), or puberulous (4), or pubescent (1), or pilose (8); without hair tufts (55), or with basal tufts of hair (1). Upper glume apex entire (54), or dentate (2); 2 -fid (1/1); emarginate (1/54), or truncate (2/54), or obtuse (4/54), or acute (15/54), or acuminate (31/54), or attenuate (5/54), or setaceously attenuate (1/54); muticous (50/55), or mucronate (6/55), or awned (2/55); 1 -awned (2/2).
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets
Fertile lemma lanceolate (5), or elliptic (1), or oblong (51); subterete (19/19); chartaceous (3), or coriaceous (53); without keel (54/54); 3 -veined (54/54). Lemma surface smooth (45), or granulose (1), or scaberulous (4), or scabrous (2), or papillose (2), or tuberculate (2), or punctate (2). Lemma margins flat (1), or convolute (55); exposing palea (2), or covering most of palea (54). Lemma apex emarginate (1/53), or acute (52/53); without ornament (55), or tuberculate (1); awned; 1 -awned (1), or 3 -awned (55). Principal lemma awn straight (2), or geniculate (1), or 3-branched (53); limb glabrous (1), or ciliate (1), or plumose (54). Column of lemma awn glabrous (49/54), or pubescent (1/54), or ciliate (4/54), or plumose (1/54); without distinct apical hairs (51/54), or with bearded apex (3/54). Lateral lemma awns longer than principal (1/54), or subequal to principal (10/54), or shorter than principal (43/54). Palea present (55), or absent or minute (1); not rolled (54/55), or involute (1/55); 0.1-0.3446-0.5 length of lemma; membranous (53/55), or chartaceous (2/55); 0 -veined (1/4), or 2 -veined (3/4); without keels (53/55), or 2-keeled (2/55).
Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers
Lodicules 2 (4/4); membranous (3/3). Anthers 3 (5/5). Ovary glabrous (1/1).
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Caryopsis with adherent pericarp (22/22); linear (1/20), or fusiform (9/20), or ellipsoid (5/20), or oblong (2/20), or obovoid (1/20), or oblanceolate (2/20); isodiametric (1/2), or dorsally compressed (1/2). Embryo 0.3-0.4419-0.66 length of caryopsis. Hilum linear (15/15); 0.33-0.922-1 length of caryopsis.
Distribution
Europe (2), or Africa (48), or Temperate Asia (23), or Tropical Asia (6).
[GB]

Gramineae, W. D. Clayton, S. M. Phillips And S. A. Renvoize. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1974

Morphology General Habit
Densely tufted perennials, suffrutices with knotty rhizomatous base, or delicate annuals
Morphology Leaves
Leaf-blades narrow or terete, sometimes early deciduous leaving sheaths and chlorophyll-bearing culms as the main photosynthetic organs
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences
Panicle open or contracted
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Spikelets 1-flowered with scarious glumes; lemma cylindrical, indurated, produced into a three-branched awn; awn with or without a column, articulated at the base of the column or near the middle of the lemma, the branches or at least the central one plumose; callus well-developed, pungent or minutely bifid, usually oblique; palea usually less than half as long as the lemma.
[FTEA]

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General
Perennial, rarely annual, sometimes with knotty rhizomatous base or suffruticose; leaves mostly inrolled, sometimes pungent
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Spikelets
Glumes 1- to 11-nerved; callus of floret long and pungent; lemma convolute; awns with or without a column, the central always, the laterals sometimes, plumose.
Distribution
Some 50 species in Africa, south-western and central Asia, and Pakistan.
[FSOM]

Sources

  • Flora Zambesiaca

    • Flora Zambesiaca
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Somalia

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Tropical East Africa

    • Flora of Tropical East Africa
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora

    • Clayton, W.D., Vorontsova, M.S., Harman, K.T. and Williamson, H. (2006 onwards). GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora.
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Plants and People Africa

    • Common Names from Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com/
    • © Plants and People Africa http://www.plantsandpeopleafrica.com http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • World Checklist of Vascular plants (WCVP)

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0